An Experimental Investigation on Concrete by Partial Replacement of Cement with Animal Bone Powder and Coarse Aggregate with Sea Shell

The most commonly used material in construction industry is Concrete. Now a days the use of concrete for modern infrastructure is in high demand. Cement is the main constituent of concrete plays a vital role in concrete production. In India, the cement consumption has grown well with a growth rate of about 6.1% every year (annually). Hence, an alternative material to partially replace cement was initiated to complete the needs of local community. Animal bone powder which has same chemical composition same as of cement can be replaced with cement. Due to continuous utilization of natural materials like coarse aggregate and fine aggregates for making concrete we are facing different problems like lack of availability of these materials, because of their high demand and I some areas restriction from the local government for the extraction of the natural materials. Due to this the price of natural materials are increasing rapidly, due to high price of natural materials ultimately the cost of construction is high. To overcome this problem many researchers are finding the replacement for cement and coarse aggregate. Through the various study it is found that waste materials from sea like sea shells having properties similar to coarse aggregate can be used in production of concrete. we bought sea shells at very cheap price from coastal area. Here coarse aggregate is partially replaced to sea shell in percentage to coarseaggregateby10 %. Similarly the replacement for cement is made by the animal bone powder. The waste quantity of animal bones has impacted the environment which are unusual to see all over the world. The primary aim of the research is to investigate the effects of varying dosage replacement of cement by animal bone powder (ABP) in the normal concrete production. The bone samples collected from M.I. Industries Thane Mumbai, we found that After cleaning and drying, the bone samples burned in the Furnace. The average required energy to burn the animal bone obtained at a temperature of 340°C. The burnt bone was allowed to cool before grinding in a hammer mill and sieving. There were four proportions prepared to start from 0% (as control specimen), 5%, 10%, 15% dosage increment by weight of bone powder, and evaluated the normal concrete strengths of M-30 grade concrete. The laboratory test results indicated the chemical analyses of bone powder composed similar compounds of oxide in cement but slightly lesser in content. Likewise, the effects of replacing animal bone on the properties of cement such as consistency and setting time remained within the acceptable limits of the Standard Specifications. As we know the lack of natural materials hence we can use these two materials as partial replacement of coarse aggregate and cement ,hence we form a new concrete On the other hand, the results of compressive strength, flexural strength, and the tensile strengths significantly declined from the control specimen during the dosage increment of the replacement made. Therefore, the optimum dosage of bone powder indicated 10% by weight to replace cement content in normal concrete mix production.