A Review: Energy Efficient Clustering Based Routing for Secured Data Transmission in Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consists of huge number of sensor nodes deployed in the region for the purpose of gathering information about the its environment and transfer that information to the base station. Because of the advancement in micro electrical-mechanical system (MEMS) and digital electronics the tiny sensors have capabilities of low-cost, low-power, multifunctional for different types of environment conditions, processing, and communication within short range. But with these features comes the biggest problem of WSNs that it has limited source of energy for data collection, processing, storing, and transmission due to its harsh environment condition in most of the cases. Also, sensor nodes are prone to security threats by the insider as well as outsider attackers due to distributed nature, random deployment and environment of WSNs. In this paper, we discuss clustering and routing approach energy efficiently so that there will be proper utilization of energy resulting in enhancement of overall networks lifetime. We will also discuss various threats at different layers of the network, mechanisms incorporated with different soft computing techniques to deal with such threats.