Feeder Protection from over Load and Earth Fault

A busbar in electrical power distribution refers to thick strips of copper or aluminum that conduct electricity within a switchboard, distribution board, substation, or other electrical apparatus. In this project busbar can be protected from the over current condition. Industrial instruments failures have many causes and one of the main causes is over load. The primary of the distribution transformer or any other transformer is designed to operate at certain specific current, if that current flowing through that instrument is more than the rated current, then immediately the System may burn because of over load, through this project we are going to protect the busbar from over load condition. In this project work for generating high current more loads are applied to the circuit; so that the current will be increased. Whenever the over current occurred the circuit will be tripped. To trip the circuit, we are using one relay which will control through our microcontroller. When over load is occurred relay will trip the total circuit and buzzer will on to indicate over load. For protection of bus bar from over current condition first we have to measure the total load current which is flowing through the busbar. Here we are using transformer for measuring the load current and the output of transformer is given to ADC for converting analog output of transformer into digital data. That ADC output is given to microcontroller for monitoring purpose. When current are increases certain limit then we are going to trip the load by using relay. In this project we are using 230v bulbs as a load. We are going to increase the load by increasing the number of bulbs ON. When we ON more bulbs it causes over load condition and microcontroller will detect that and it will trip the total load by using relay. In this project we are using 230v, 7-amp relay for tripping purpose. Here we are using LCD for displaying the total load current which is flowing in the circuit.