Industrial Impact of Chromium, Fluoride & Salinity in Unnao UPSIDC Area, Unnao, Uttar Pradesh

Industrialization of newly developed areas of Unnao District, Uttar Pradesh by leather tanning Industries has affected the surface and ground water quality area due to solid/ liquid waste disposal to the surface. In the tanning of leather, Chromium salts, especially chrome alum and Chromium sulfate are used. The Chromium (III) stabilizes the leather by cross linking the collagen fibers. The study identified the areas with high Chromium, Fluoride and salinity in Ground / Surface water bodies, which are the major health affecting parameters to the inhabitant using this water for drinking purposes. The Effluent samples near CEPT at Dahi Chowki has been recorded the total Chromium as 4285 micro gram/l. Mirza tannery drain, recorded total Chromium as 6578 micro gram/l. In ground water samples high values of Hexavalent Chromium have been found near J R Inter College, Dharamkanta (2876 µ g/l); Shivnagar (13 µ g/l); Masnagar (8 µ g/l); areas in Unnao. It has been observed that in Dharamkanta area, fresh dumping of industrial solid waste containing Chromium salts is being done. High salinity in ground water has also been found in Laukhera, Dakari and Madhuwasi area of industrial pocket of Unnao district. The values of electrical conductivity and fluoride have been recorded as high as 24385 micro s/cm and 7.82 mg/L respectively. The presence of Chromium (total), fluoride and salinity in surface as well as in ground water indicates that surface water is polluting ground water, however the quantum and area at present is very small but it has started polluting the ground water. Disposal of solid and liquid wastes should be properly managed as per Central Pollution Control Board guidelines. Remedial measures should be under taken for the people of the areas to protect from harmful health effects of parameters.