Effect of Graphene Oxide on The Physical and Mechanical Properties of Rubberized Concrete

The disposal of end-of-life tyres presents a persistent environmental problem, prompting the exploration of sustainable alternatives in construction materials. Rubberized concrete has emerged as a promising solution due to its ability to reuse waste rubber while offering advantages such as enhanced ductility and energy absorption. The incorporation of rubber aggregates into concrete contributes to sustainable construction; however, its widespread structural application remains constrained by reductions in strength and stiffness. To mitigate these limitations, this study investigates the effectiveness of graphene oxide (GO) as a performance-enhancing additive in rubberized concrete. Concrete mixtures were produced by partially substituting manufactured sand with recycled rubber aggregates at 5%, 10%, and 15% replacement levels by weight. Graphene oxide was introduced as a partial cement replacement at dosages of 0.01% and 0.05% by weight. Ten different mix proportions were developed and experimentally tested to evaluate compressive, flexural, and split tensile strengths. The results reveal a notable improvement in mechanical performance with the inclusion of graphene oxide, despite the presence of rubber aggregates. This improvement is mainly attributed to enhanced interfacial bonding among the cement matrix, rubber particles, and graphene oxide, supported by the latter's high surface area and superior mechanical properties. Overall, the findings indicate that graphene oxide can effectively counteract the strength loss associated with rubber incorporation, enabling rubberized concrete to be considered for structural applications while maintaining its sustainability benefits.