A Review on TIG/MIG Welding Process: Recent Advances and Future directions

Manufacturers are concentrating on connecting different materials to cut production costs and create lightweight components. When their structural components are comprised of different steels, steel constructions are lighter and more cost-effective. The chemical, petrochemical, nuclear, and power generation industries, among others, utilise a range of dissimilar steel couplings. When components are welded together, different junctions are inevitable. Typically, joining dissimilar steels is more difficult than joining similar steels; this is due to several factors, such as differences in chemical composition and thermal expansion coefficients. In this comprehensive review article, we undertake a thorough examination of the research and advancements in the realms of Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) and Metal Inert Gas (MIG) welding, with a specific focus on their applications across diverse materials. The critical analysis encompasses various perspectives, providing a holistic view of the progress made in these welding techniques. Gas tungsten arc welding is explored as a means to assess the weldability of high-strength alloys, offering insights into its efficacy and potential applications within this specialized domain. The review delves into crucial process parameters associated with both TIG and MIG welding, elucidating their intricate effects on weld quality. By scrutinizing the mechanical properties of welded joints, including factors such as tensile strength, hardness, and other significant structural attributes, a comprehensive evaluation of the welding outcomes is presented. The primary objective of this article is to serve as a comprehensive resource for understanding TIG/MIG welding technology and its profound impact on enhancing the microstructural, mechanical, and metallurgical properties of engineering materials. By synthesizing information from diverse perspectives, this review aims to contribute to the collective knowledge in the field, providing valuable insights for researchers, practitioners, and enthusiasts seeking a deeper understanding of the evolving landscape of welding technology and its transformative effects on engineering materials.