Domestic Wastewater Treatment by Root Zone Technology using Macrophytes

This project examines Root Zone Technology by using macrophytes, which is a low-cost and environmentally friendly method of wastewater treatment. To effectively treat domestic and industrial effluents, the root zone treatment and macrophytes treatment system uses a natural method. The wetlands bed will be divided into number of zones: soil layer, sand layer, coal layer and aggregate layer. Root zone plants (Colocasia esculenta) planted on the top layer and then treated with floating macrophytes (Pistia stratiotes/Spirodela and Lemna). When wastewater passes through the top and intermediate layers, all suspended solids become trapped in the pores of soil and sand, and the remaining solids are removed by bacteria. After passing through filter bed water is allow to store in another chamber where water is treated with floating macrophytes which utilizes dissolve and suspended nutrients and helps to reduce concentration of pollution of waste water. The effluent characteristics such as pH, color, odor, BOD, COD, TDS, TSS, Nitrogen, and Phosphate determined. The result shows a reduction in parameters Because of the longer detention periods, the removal rate is increasing. The goal of this project is to determine which wastewater treatment method is the most cost-effective in comparison to traditional wastewater treatment methods. The conventional method is unsuitable for rural areas due to its high cost. One of the alternative wastewater treatment technologies is the Root Zone technology combine with macrophytes. This Treatment process is simple to use, requires little installation, and requires little maintenance. It is also less expensive than traditional treatment systems. To reap the benefits of this technology and ensure long-term development, it must be fully utilized in developing countries such as India.