Study of Chatter Vibration Analysys in the Machining Operation and Control Methods

Chatter effect as a self-excited vibration in machine tools contributes to undesired surface finish of the work piece, and can deteriorate the surface quality. Machine tool chatter is one of the major constraints that limit productivity of the turning process. It is a self-excited vibration that is mainly caused by the interaction between the machine-tool/work piece structure and the cutting process dynamics. The frictional and impact chatter are mainly due to the nonlinearity of the dry friction and the intermittent contact between the cutting tool and the work piece. Chatter becomes even more critical when machining materials that are difficult to cut. The productivity of expensive machining systems is often limited by chatter. It has defined chatter as self-generative vibrations that occur when the chip width is too great versus dynamic stiffness. This phenomenon leads to a bad surface aspect and high noise level. As it reduces tool life, it increases production costs. By using various methods we can avoid the chatter vibration.