Comprehensive Meteorological Impact Assessment on Urban Air Quality: A MATLAB-Based Trend Analysis for Indian Cities

Urban air pollution presents a critical public health and environmental challenge, particularly in fast-developing cities such as Delhi, Bangalore, and Hyderabad in India. This paper presents a comprehensive trend analysis of the Air Quality Index (AQI) in these cities over 2017-2024, integrating meteorological parameters including temperature, precipitation, wind speed, and atmospheric pressure. Leveraging MATLAB's computational capabilities, we employ advanced analytical techniques such as time-series analyses, seasonal trend decomposition, and network bias correction via the Rolling Change Method. Our findings reveal persistent high pollution in Delhi affected by seasonal atmospheric stagnation, rising pollution trends tied to urban expansion in Bangalore, and moderate yet seasonally variable pollution in Hyderabad. Meteorological factors, especially wind speed and precipitation, emerged as significant mitigators, while atmospheric pressure and temperature inversions exacerbated pollution entrapment. This research underscores the importance of city-specific air quality management and demonstrates the utility of MATLAB-based frameworks for environmental data analysis, fostering informed urban environmental policy-making for sustainable development.